AP®︎ US History: Topic 6.10 Flashcards

Growing urban group of salaried managers, professionals, clerical workers, and independent proprietors with more security and disposable income than industrial laborers

Salaried office, professional, clerical, or sales work associated with education, regular schedules, and middle-class status

Office work such as bookkeeping, typing, stenography, correspondence, and telephone operation, performed by growing numbers of men and women, though women generally received lower pay and fewer promotions

Middle-class ideal that husbands earned wages in public life while wives maintained the home and raised children, despite many women working for pay

Culture of mass purchasing encouraged by industrial production, advertising, national markets, and middle-class disposable income and status seeking

Large urban retailers that gathered varied goods under one roof and used fixed prices, displays, advertising, and customer services to promote mass consumption

Catalogs used by Montgomery Ward and Sears to connect consumers outside major cities with goods from national markets

Belief that the wealthy should act as trustees of surplus fortunes and fund institutions for public benefit and self-improvement rather than give indiscriminate relief

Industrialist who articulated the Gospel of Wealth in his 1889 essay “Wealth” and funded libraries, education, research, and cultural institutions

Private donations by wealthy industrialists to libraries, colleges, museums, hospitals, parks, research, and other educational or urban institutions

Growth of public schools, business and technical schools, and colleges prepared more Americans for salaried and professional work and enabled some upward mobility

More free time resulting from economic security and regular schedules allowed middle-class Americans to spend more on recreation and helped expand consumer culture

Commercial recreation such as professional baseball, vaudeville, theaters, and amusement parks, supported by disposable income, transportation, and electric lighting