AP®︎ US History: Topic 7.7 Flashcards

Use of electrical networks and motors to increase factory efficiency and power household appliances, though rural access lagged behind urban access

System using time-and-motion studies, divided tasks, and standardized procedures to maximize worker efficiency and managerial control

Engineer who developed scientific management, arguing that managers should scientifically determine the most efficient way to perform work

Division of skilled work into simple, repetitive tasks that less-skilled workers could be trained to perform and managers could closely control

Large-scale manufacture of standardized goods using interchangeable parts, specialized machinery, divided labor, and assembly lines

Production method in which a product moves past workstations while each worker repeatedly performs one specialized task

Automaker who combined standardized cars, interchangeable parts, large-scale production, and the moving assembly line to make automobiles affordable

Mass production of standardized goods paired with relatively high wages that reduced turnover and enabled workers to participate in mass consumption

Ford’s standardized, mass-produced automobile whose falling price helped make car ownership available to millions of Americans

Widespread purchasing of standardized consumer goods made possible by lower prices, advertising, rising productivity, and consumer credit

Marketing that created consumer desire by associating products with status, beauty, health, efficiency, romance, or modernity

“Buy now, pay later” purchasing through a down payment and regular payments, expanding consumption while increasing household debt

The decade’s most consequential consumer technology, increasing personal mobility, encouraging suburban and roadside development, and stimulating related industries

Law providing federal funds for state road construction and encouraging interconnected highway systems

Standardized interstate road network established in 1926, with numbered routes such as U.S. Route 66

Developing air transportation supported by federal airmail contracts, though passenger travel remained expensive and limited during the 1920s

Aviator whose 1927 solo nonstop flight from New York to Paris demonstrated aircraft reliability and made him a mass-media celebrity

One-to-many transmission of news, entertainment, music, speeches, and advertising that created simultaneous national experiences and reduced rural isolation

Systems such as NBC and CBS that linked local stations by telephone lines to broadcast advertiser-sponsored programs nationwide

Law and agency that licensed stations and regulated frequencies in the “public interest, convenience, or necessity.”

Radio, cinema, recordings, and national print that reached large audiences, spread a shared national culture, and increased awareness of regional and ethnic cultures

Mass entertainment medium that gave national audiences shared films, stars, fashions, behavior, and images of modern life

Center of American film production, favored for its climate, varied scenery, labor and capital access, and distance from eastern patent disputes

Film-industry structure in which large studios integrated production, national distribution, and control or influence over theaters

The 1927 film conventionally identified as the first commercially successful feature-length “talkie,” accelerating the transition to synchronized sound

Technology that reproduced and nationally marketed music, spreading jazz, blues, country, and other regional traditions beyond their original communities

Commercial recordings by African American performers, especially in blues and jazz, marketed mainly to Black consumers but heard by wider audiences

National magazines, newspaper chains, syndicates, tabloids, and other publications that distributed similar news, entertainment, and advertising across the country

Shared celebrities, brands, entertainment, news, and cultural references spread nationwide by radio, cinema, recordings, and mass-circulation print