AP®︎ US History: Topic 3.6 Flashcards
Master key terms and definitions for Topic 3.6 of AP US History – The Influence of Revolutionary Ideals to help you prep for quizzes and the AP exam.
Republicanism
The principle that government rests on the people and should be conducted by citizens and representatives devoted to the common good
The principle that government rests on the people and should be conducted by citizens and representatives devoted to the common good
The principle that governmental authority originates with the people
Rights individuals possess inherently, which government does not create and cannot legitimately remove without justification
The 1776 declaration of natural rights and human equality whose principles inspired American reform efforts and later Atlantic revolutions
The practice by which an estate passed to the eldest son; states abolished it to weaken inherited privilege
A legal restriction preventing inherited property from being freely sold or divided; states ended it to weaken landed privilege
Washington surrendered his military commission on December 23, 1783, affirming civilian control and republican opposition to military rule
A highly democratic state constitution granting taxpaying adult men suffrage and creating an annually elected unicameral legislature
A property-based voting system that allowed some women and free Black people to vote until suffrage was restricted to white men in 1807
The 1775 British offer of freedom to enslaved people who escaped rebel masters and served the British
An antislavery organization founded in 1775 with prominent Quaker participation
Abolition that freed future generations only after specified dates or lengthy service rather than immediately freeing everyone enslaved
The first constitution in an American jurisdiction to prohibit adult slavery
The first state statute providing for gradual emancipation
A constitution declaring all people born free and equal, providing the basis for rulings that effectively ended Massachusetts slavery
Lawsuits in which enslaved people claimed that laws or constitutional principles entitled them to freedom
An enslaved Massachusetts woman whose successful freedom suit helped establish that slavery violated the state constitution
An enslaved Massachusetts man whose freedom cases helped produce rulings that effectively ended slavery in the state
The legal freeing of an enslaved person by an individual slaveholder, made easier in Virginia by a 1782 law
The legal doctrine under which a married woman's identity and property rights were largely represented by her husband
A women's organization founded in 1780 that collected money and made shirts for Continental soldiers
Leader of the Ladies Association of Philadelphia, which raised money and supplied shirts to Continental soldiers
Her 1776 appeal to John Adams to prevent husbands from exercising unchecked power over women in the new legal order
Writer who argued that women's apparent intellectual inferiority resulted from unequal education rather than nature
Judith Sargent Murray's 1790 essay arguing that women and men had equal intellectual potential but unequal educational opportunities
The ideal that women served the republic by educating children in virtue, patriotism, and the principles of self-government
Freedom of individual conscience and voluntary worship without government-compelled belief or support for an established church
A 1776 declaration describing religion as a matter of reason and conviction rather than governmental force
Virginia statesman who opposed government support for religion in his 1785 Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments
James Madison's 1785 argument that government should not tax citizens to support Christian teachers
Author of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, which ended state support for Virginia's Anglican establishment
The 1786 law ending Virginia's Anglican establishment and prohibiting government from compelling religious belief or worship
The connected American, French, Haitian, and Latin American revolutionary movements that challenged imperial, monarchical, and social hierarchies
The revolution beginning in 1789 that challenged monarchy and privilege, proclaimed rights and national sovereignty, and eventually created a republic
French officer who served in the American Revolution and carried experience with republican independence back to France
The French Revolution's 1789 declaration of natural rights, legal equality, liberty, and national sovereignty
The 1791–1804 revolt that abolished slavery, defeated French rule, and created the first independent Black republic
The leading military and political figure during much of the Haitian Revolution, though he died before independence
Haitian leader whose forces defeated the French and who declared Haiti independent in 1804
Early nineteenth-century movements that used popular sovereignty and natural rights to end Spanish rule across most of mainland Latin America
Revolutionary leader who helped win independence for Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and the territory that became Bolivia
Simón Bolívar's 1815 argument for Spanish American independence and discussion of the region's difficulties in creating stable governments
Revolutionary general who played a central role in the independence of Argentina, Chile, and Peru
The movement to end slavery, strengthened by revolutionary arguments that bondage violated natural rights and equality
